Who first described the DoD multilevel military security policy in abstract, formal terms?

Who first described the DoD multilevel military security policy in abstract, formal terms?
A .  David Bell and Leonard LaPadula
B .  Rivest, Shamir and Adleman
C .  Whitfield Diffie and Martin Hellman
D .  David Clark and David Wilson

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Answer: A

Explanation: It was David Bell and Leonard LaPadula who, in 1973, first described the DoD multilevel military security policy in abstract, formal terms. The Bell-LaPadula is a Mandatory Access Control (MAC) model concerned with confidentiality. Rivest, Shamir and Adleman (RSA) developed the RSA encryption algorithm. Whitfield Diffie and Martin Hellman published the Diffie-Hellman key agreement algorithm in 1976. David Clark and David Wilson developed the Clark-Wilson integrity model, more appropriate for security in commercial activities. Source: RUSSEL, Deborah & GANGEMI, G.T. Sr., Computer Security Basics, O’Reilly, July 1992 (pages 78,109).