Which of the following criminological theories states that individuals make a conscious decision to commit a crime and that crime can be deterred by reducing opportunities for criminal activity and increasing an individual’s personal risk of being caught and punished?

Which of the following criminological theories states that individuals make a conscious decision to commit a crime and that crime can be deterred by reducing opportunities for criminal activity and increasing an individual’s personal risk of being caught and punished?
A . Routine activities theory
B. Differential association theory
C. Rational choice theory
D. Social conflict theory

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Answer: C