Test Prep PCAT Pharmacy College Admission Test Online Training
Test Prep PCAT Online Training
The questions for PCAT were last updated at Nov 22,2024.
- Exam Code: PCAT
- Exam Name: Pharmacy College Admission Test
- Certification Provider: Test Prep
- Latest update: Nov 22,2024
Question #11
For vision, ___ must be converted to _____ in the cells of the retina.
- A . vitamin C, retinal
- B . vitamin E, biotin
- C . vitamin A, retinal
- D . vitamin A, biotin
Correct Answer: C
C
Explanation:
Vitamin A is a precursor of retinal, which is the chemical compound that enables animals to see. Biotin is associated with vitamin B. Carrots are known to be good for vision because they are high in vitamin A.
C
Explanation:
Vitamin A is a precursor of retinal, which is the chemical compound that enables animals to see. Biotin is associated with vitamin B. Carrots are known to be good for vision because they are high in vitamin A.
Question #12
Which of the following is involved in hearing?
- A . microvilli
- B . cilia
- C . hair follicles
- D . hair cells
Correct Answer: D
D
Explanation:
Hair cells lining the basilar membrane utilize mechanotransduction to detect, to amplify, and to convert mechanical sound waves into electrical signals. The resulting action potential then passes through the cochlear nerve to reach the brain.
D
Explanation:
Hair cells lining the basilar membrane utilize mechanotransduction to detect, to amplify, and to convert mechanical sound waves into electrical signals. The resulting action potential then passes through the cochlear nerve to reach the brain.
Question #13
Which is not active in bone resorption?
- A . osteoblasts
- B . osteoclasts
- C . nephrons
- D . small intestine
Correct Answer: A
A
Explanation:
Bone resorption, the decomposition of bone for absorption of minerals, including calcium, directly involves osteoclasts. Nephrons and the small intestine both absorb released Ca2+. Osteoblasts function to construct, not decompose, bones.
A
Explanation:
Bone resorption, the decomposition of bone for absorption of minerals, including calcium, directly involves osteoclasts. Nephrons and the small intestine both absorb released Ca2+. Osteoblasts function to construct, not decompose, bones.
Question #14
Which of the following will result if there is a drop-in blood pressure?
- A . formation of glucose
- B . secretion of insulin
- C . secretion of EPO
- D . secretion of ANP
Correct Answer: C
C
Explanation:
A drop-in blood pressure causes the renal cortex of the kidney to secrete EPO (erythropoietin) in an effort to increase the blood pressure by increasing the synthesis of red blood cells. EPO is a necessary precursor for red blood cell production to take place.
C
Explanation:
A drop-in blood pressure causes the renal cortex of the kidney to secrete EPO (erythropoietin) in an effort to increase the blood pressure by increasing the synthesis of red blood cells. EPO is a necessary precursor for red blood cell production to take place.
Question #15
Which of the following occurs as a rise in intraocular pressure?
- A . inflammation of the cornea
- B . glaucoma
- C . cataract
- D . diabetic retinopathy
Correct Answer: B
B
Explanation:
Intraocular pressure (IOP) poses the greatest risk of causing glaucoma. A reduction in the flow and drainage of aqueous humor leads to a rise in IOP. The built-up pressure eventually results in glaucoma and optic nerve damage.
B
Explanation:
Intraocular pressure (IOP) poses the greatest risk of causing glaucoma. A reduction in the flow and drainage of aqueous humor leads to a rise in IOP. The built-up pressure eventually results in glaucoma and optic nerve damage.
Question #16
In which non-membranous compartment are ribosomes made in a eukaryotic cell?
- A . nucleus
- B . rough ER
- C . nucleolus
- D . cytoplasm
Correct Answer: C
C
Explanation:
Ribosomes are manufactured inside of the nucleolus. RNA polymerases I and III work together to create ribosomes from rRNA and proteins.
C
Explanation:
Ribosomes are manufactured inside of the nucleolus. RNA polymerases I and III work together to create ribosomes from rRNA and proteins.
Question #17
Which of the following lists the correct taxonomic order from most inclusive to least inclusive?
- A . Kingdom, Order, Class, Species
- B . Order, Family, Genus, Phylum
- C . Order, Family, Genus, Species
- D . Phylum, Order, Species, Genus
Correct Answer: C
C
Explanation:
Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species. The mnemonic, “King Philip Came Over For Great Spaghetti,” is very useful for remembering the taxonomic order from most inclusive to least inclusive.
C
Explanation:
Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species. The mnemonic, “King Philip Came Over For Great Spaghetti,” is very useful for remembering the taxonomic order from most inclusive to least inclusive.
Question #18
Which of the following corresponds to the coding strand of the following mRNA?
5’-GUAACGUCA- 3’
- A . 5’-GTAACGTCA-3’
- B . 5’-CATTGCAGT-3’
- C . 5’-ACUGCAAUG- 3’
- D . 5’-TGACGTTAC- 3’
Correct Answer: A
A
Explanation:
The coding strand is NOT the complementary strand; it is the strand of DNA which is complementary to the strand from which mRNA is made. The coding strand will have the same sequence of bases as the produced RNA transcript except with thymine instead of uracil. A useful mnemonic for remembering the nucleotide bases in DNA and RNA is “GCAT PuPy” and “GCAU PuPy.” GCAT/U stand for guanine, cytosine, adenine, thymine, and uracil, and “Pu” and “Py” represent purine and pyrimidine, respectively.
A
Explanation:
The coding strand is NOT the complementary strand; it is the strand of DNA which is complementary to the strand from which mRNA is made. The coding strand will have the same sequence of bases as the produced RNA transcript except with thymine instead of uracil. A useful mnemonic for remembering the nucleotide bases in DNA and RNA is “GCAT PuPy” and “GCAU PuPy.” GCAT/U stand for guanine, cytosine, adenine, thymine, and uracil, and “Pu” and “Py” represent purine and pyrimidine, respectively.
Question #19
Which cells make up the insulated wrapping on axons?
- A . Schwann cells
- B . astrocytes
- C . microglia
- D . macrocytes
Correct Answer: A
A
Explanation:
Axons are surrounded by insulating cells called Schwann cells. This insulation enables action potentials to travel rapidly throughout the nervous system.
A
Explanation:
Axons are surrounded by insulating cells called Schwann cells. This insulation enables action potentials to travel rapidly throughout the nervous system.
Question #20
Which of the following statements regarding energy production is true?
- A . There is a net total of 4 ATP produced in glycolysis.
- B . The GTP made in the TCA cycle does not become ATP.
- C . The cell requires energy to move NADH into the mitochondria.
- D . The net gain of ATP from each NADH is 2.
Correct Answer: C
C
Explanation:
Transport of the NADH into the mitochondria in most cases requires 1 ATP. This is the reason that prokaryotes often have a higher yield of ATP per glucose when compared to eukaryotes. Usually 38 ATP are produced per glucose for prokaryotes, and 36 per glucose for eukaryotes.
C
Explanation:
Transport of the NADH into the mitochondria in most cases requires 1 ATP. This is the reason that prokaryotes often have a higher yield of ATP per glucose when compared to eukaryotes. Usually 38 ATP are produced per glucose for prokaryotes, and 36 per glucose for eukaryotes.
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