Test Prep PCAT Pharmacy College Admission Test Online Training
Test Prep PCAT Online Training
The questions for PCAT were last updated at Nov 22,2024.
- Exam Code: PCAT
- Exam Name: Pharmacy College Admission Test
- Certification Provider: Test Prep
- Latest update: Nov 22,2024
Question #1
Which of the following would NOT occur during sympathetic stimulation?
- A . secretion of glucagon
- B . dilation of bronchioles
- C . dilation of intestinal blood vessels
- D . dilation of pupils
Correct Answer: C
C
Explanation:
The blood flow to visceral organs decreases during sympathetic stimulation, but increases under parasympathetic stimulation. One function of the sympathetic nervous system is to increase blood flow to organs in demand of air or nutrients. During the fight-or-flight response, vasodilation works to move blood away from the digestive system and towards the muscles.
C
Explanation:
The blood flow to visceral organs decreases during sympathetic stimulation, but increases under parasympathetic stimulation. One function of the sympathetic nervous system is to increase blood flow to organs in demand of air or nutrients. During the fight-or-flight response, vasodilation works to move blood away from the digestive system and towards the muscles.
Question #2
Which of the following would increase the pH of the blood?
- A . severe damage to the kidneys
- B . the digestion of a big meal
- C . an increase in anaerobic respiration
- D . an increase of the blood pCO2
Correct Answer: B
B
Explanation:
During the digestion of a large meal, parietal cells in the stomach generate hydrochloric acid (HCl) in exchange for a bicarbonate ion which enters the blood plasma, increasing the pH.
B
Explanation:
During the digestion of a large meal, parietal cells in the stomach generate hydrochloric acid (HCl) in exchange for a bicarbonate ion which enters the blood plasma, increasing the pH.
Question #3
Which of the following yields the least ATP directly?
- A . TCA cycle
- B . oxidative phosphorylation
- C . glycolysis
- D . Beta Oxidation
Correct Answer: A
A
Explanation:
The TCA cycle yields 2 GTPs (molecules that can be converted to ATP but are not ATP themselves), oxidative phosphorylation, which includes the ETC, can yield from 32 to 34 ATP. Glycolysis yields 2 ATP. Beta oxidation yields a range over 100 ATP that depends on the length of the fatty acid being degraded.
A
Explanation:
The TCA cycle yields 2 GTPs (molecules that can be converted to ATP but are not ATP themselves), oxidative phosphorylation, which includes the ETC, can yield from 32 to 34 ATP. Glycolysis yields 2 ATP. Beta oxidation yields a range over 100 ATP that depends on the length of the fatty acid being degraded.
Question #4
The T-tubules transmit an action potential, causing the opening of ____ channels in the ____.
- A . Na+, Sarcoplasm
- B . Ca2+, Sarcoplasmic Reticulum
- C . Na+, Sarcoplasmic Reticulum
- D . Ca2+, Sarcoplasm
Correct Answer: B
B
Explanation:
The T-tubules conduct action potentials that cause channels to open on the surface of the sarcoplasmic reticulum. The opening of these channels results in a release of Ca2+ into the sarcoplasm of the muscle fiber.
B
Explanation:
The T-tubules conduct action potentials that cause channels to open on the surface of the sarcoplasmic reticulum. The opening of these channels results in a release of Ca2+ into the sarcoplasm of the muscle fiber.
Question #5
Which of the following decompose disaccharides into monosaccharides?
- A . salivary amylase
- B . pancreatic enzymes
- C . gastrin
- D . brush border enzymes
Correct Answer: D
D
Explanation:
Disaccharides such as sucrose, maltose, and lactose, etc., are broken down further into monosaccharides (primarily glucose) in the small intestine by way of brush border enzymes lining microvilli of the small intestine.
D
Explanation:
Disaccharides such as sucrose, maltose, and lactose, etc., are broken down further into monosaccharides (primarily glucose) in the small intestine by way of brush border enzymes lining microvilli of the small intestine.
Question #6
Which of the following does hemoglobin bond most strongly with?
- A . oxygen
- B . carbon dioxide
- C . carbon monoxide
- D . hydrogen
Correct Answer: C
C
Explanation:
Hemoglobin bonds most strongly with carbon monoxide as a result of the interaction of the orbitals of the hemoglobin and the carbon monoxide molecule. The carbon forms an ionic bond with the hemoglobin’s iron, and because of the joint configuration, the iron is able to donate additional electrons to the carbon monoxide.
C
Explanation:
Hemoglobin bonds most strongly with carbon monoxide as a result of the interaction of the orbitals of the hemoglobin and the carbon monoxide molecule. The carbon forms an ionic bond with the hemoglobin’s iron, and because of the joint configuration, the iron is able to donate additional electrons to the carbon monoxide.
Question #7
Which of the following is not secreted by the hypothalamus?
- A . glucocorticoids
- B . GnRH
- C . Dopamine
- D . GHIH
Correct Answer: A
A
Explanation:
Glucocorticoids are steroids synthesized and secreted by the adrenal cortex not the hypothalamus.
A
Explanation:
Glucocorticoids are steroids synthesized and secreted by the adrenal cortex not the hypothalamus.
Question #8
A virulent phage is one which infects via:
- A . the lysogenic cycle
- B . phagocytosis
- C . immunoglobins
- D . the lytic cycle
Correct Answer: D
D
Explanation:
Virulent phages use the lytic cycle to infect an organism. The lytic cycle is the process by which a phage DNA replicates itself via the host cell before causing the cell to lyse and release all of the phage’s replications.
D
Explanation:
Virulent phages use the lytic cycle to infect an organism. The lytic cycle is the process by which a phage DNA replicates itself via the host cell before causing the cell to lyse and release all of the phage’s replications.
Question #9
Which is not a function of immunoglobins?
- A . coagulation
- B . assist in phagocytosis
- C . attack pathogens
- D . labeling of pathogens
Correct Answer: C
C
Explanation:
Antibodies or immunoglobins perform all of the functions except for directly attacking pathogens. Leukocytes, or white blood cells, are responsible for attacking pathogens.
C
Explanation:
Antibodies or immunoglobins perform all of the functions except for directly attacking pathogens. Leukocytes, or white blood cells, are responsible for attacking pathogens.
Question #10
What results in extra or fewer chromosomes in a cell?
- A . nondisjunction
- B . double replication
- C . double cytokinesis
- D . epistasis
Correct Answer: A
A
Explanation:
Nondisjunction is when chromosomes do NOT separate during anaphase. Consequently, the resulting cells display an unequal sharing of chromosomes, with some cells having too many, and others having too few.
A
Explanation:
Nondisjunction is when chromosomes do NOT separate during anaphase. Consequently, the resulting cells display an unequal sharing of chromosomes, with some cells having too many, and others having too few.
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