PCAT exam

Which of the listed antibodies is released in response to an allergen?A . IgAB . IgEC . IgGD . IgMView AnswerAnswer: B Explanation: IgE is the antibody primarily involved in allergic reactions.

The rhythm of the heart is set by the:A . AV nodeB . SA nodeC . purkinje fibersD . Heart valvesView AnswerAnswer: B Explanation: The sinoatrial node (SA) is the main pacemaker of the heart, often initiating cardiac contraction due to generating impulses faster than other pacemaker areas. The SA...

Which hormone is released after a meal high in carbohydrates?A . insulinB . glucagonC . EPOD . ghrelinView AnswerAnswer: A Explanation: When the blood stream is over saturated with glucose (as a result of a meal high in carbohydrates), the pancreas releases insulin in order to regulate the glucose levels...

What is the inheritance pattern of the observed trait indicated by the pedigree below? A . Autosomal recessiveB . Autosomal dominantC . X-linked recessiveD . X-linkedE . Cannot be determinedView AnswerAnswer: A Explanation: Pedigrees show the distribution of a single observable trait, or phenotype, across a family tree. In classical...

What is the predominant source of progesterone after ovulation?A . the oocyteB . the ovaryC . the corpus callosumD . the corpus luteumView AnswerAnswer: D Explanation: Recall that the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle occurs after ovulation which occurs after the follicular phase. Progesterone saturation is highest during the...

Which of the following decompose disaccharides into monosaccharides?A . salivary amylaseB . pancreatic enzymesC . gastrinD . brush border enzymesView AnswerAnswer: D Explanation: Disaccharides such as sucrose, maltose, and lactose, etc., are broken down further into monosaccharides (primarily glucose) in the small intestine by way of brush border enzymes lining...

Which is the most inferior structure?A . stomachB . sigmoid colonC . pancreasD . small intestineView AnswerAnswer: B Explanation: Inferior refers to the area nearest the feet. Its opposite is superior, which refers to the area nearest the top of the head. In this case, the stomach is superior to...

When blood flow to human tissue is interrupted, the lack of sufficient blood supply is called ischemia. If ischemia is not restored quickly, the affected tissue may undergo a process called infarction, which involves a series of chemical changes that damage the tissue. The lack of blood supply results in...

Which of the following does hemoglobin bond most strongly with?A . oxygenB . carbon dioxideC . carbon monoxideD . hydrogenView AnswerAnswer: C Explanation: Hemoglobin bonds most strongly with carbon monoxide as a result of the interaction of the orbitals of the hemoglobin and the carbon monoxide molecule. The carbon forms...

In which non-membranous compartment are ribosomes made in a eukaryotic cell?A . nucleusB . rough ERC . nucleolusD . cytoplasmView AnswerAnswer: C Explanation: Ribosomes are manufactured inside of the nucleolus. RNA polymerases I and III work together to create ribosomes from rRNA and proteins.