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Scrum PSM III Professional Scrum Master III Online Training

Question #1

Which of these are Scrum Artifacts and which one posses commitment? (choose the 3 answers)

  • A . For the Increment, its commitment is the Definition of Done.
  • B . For the Sprint, its commitment is the Scrum Values.
  • C . For the Sprint Goal, its commitment is the Definition of Done
  • D . For the Sprint Backlog, its commitment is the Sprint Goal.
  • E . For the Product Backlog, its commitment is the Product Goal.

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Correct Answer: A,D,E
A,D,E

Explanation:

Scrum Guide:

Each artifact contains a commitment to ensure it provides information that enhances transparency and focus against which progress can be measured:

For the Product Backlog it is the Product Goal.

For the Sprint Backlog it is the Sprint Goal.

For the Increment it is the Definition of Done.

These commitments exist to reinforce empiricism and the Scrum values for the Scrum Team and their stakeholders.

Question #2

In Scrum, we use the term "Forecast" when planning.

Why is that?

  • A . Using the term Forecasting raises transparency because it is a term common to project and process methodologies.
  • B . It brings awareness to the fact that when planning, the team is looking ahead and not everything is certain. The team cannot commit to the plan not changing, it’s a prediction based upon what is known today.
  • C . It emphasizes the difference between Scrum and plan-driven approaches.
  • D . Forecasting is part of the Scrum Framework, emphasizing its importance and preventing those new to Scrum from leaving it out.

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Correct Answer: B
B

Explanation:

Scrum is founded on empiricism and lean thinking. Empiricism asserts that knowledge comes from experience and making decisions based on what is observed. Lean thinking reduces waste and focuses on the essentials.

Scrum employs an iterative, incremental approach to optimize predictability and to control risk. Scrum engages groups of people who collectively have all the skills and expertise to do the work and share or acquire such skills as needed.

Sprint Planning

Topic Two: What can be Done this Sprint?

Through discussion with the Product Owner, the Developers select items from the Product Backlog to include in the current Sprint. The Scrum Team may refine these items during this process, which increases understanding and confidence.

Selecting how much can be completed within a Sprint may be challenging. However, the more the Developers know about their past performance, their upcoming capacity, and their Definition of Done, the more confident they will be in their Sprint forecasts.

Question #3

During a meeting at the start of a brand new software development initiative with Scrum, a stakeholder tells all those assembled, that he doesn’t "believe" in Scrum. Traditional project management limits business risk by setting a deadline and budget. He says Scrum does not offer any of this and is, therefore, a high-risk approach he is not willing to take.

What is your reply?

  • A . Explain that in complex product development, discoveries are made along the way. No guarantees can be given. Risk is inherent to building software.
  • B . Explain that those traditional approaches always went over budget, time while delivering low value, unmaintainable products.
  • C . Yell "OK Sir." while insisting he go "live with the dinosaurs".
  • D . Explain that Scrum limits risk by frequent inspection and adaptation mechanism, and in every Sprint, a product Increment is created by the Scrum Team, and by doing so, we become able to respond to change and address risk when it occurs.

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Correct Answer: A
A

Explanation:

It’s tempting to go off the rails, but let’s promote Scrum. Scrum does manage risk, with the early delivery of a valuable product.

Question #4

You are the Scrum Master on a newly formed Scrum Team.

Which of the following activities would probably help the Scrum Team be more productive in the first Sprint? (choose all that apply)

  • A . Have the Product Owner discuss the product or project, its history, goals, and context, as well as answer questions.
  • B . Ensure the Scrum Team members are compatible.
  • C . Have the development managers for each Developers introduce their direct reports and go over their responsibilities on the Scrum Team
  • D . Have the Scrum Team members introduce themselves to each other and give a brief background of their skills and work history.
  • E . Ensure the definition of "done" is known and understood.
  • F . Have the Developers identify and discuss the process for turning the Product Backlog Item into an increment of potentially shippable software.

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Correct Answer: A,D,E,F
A,D,E,F

Explanation:

Scrum Guide:

Scrum Teams are cross-functional, meaning the members have all the skills necessary to create value for each Sprint. They are also self-managing, meaning they internally decide who does what, when, and how.

The Product Owner is also accountable for effective Product Backlog management, which includes:

– Developing and explicitly communicating the Product Goal;

– Creating and clearly communicating Product Backlog items;

– Ordering Product Backlog items; and,

– Ensuring that the Product Backlog is transparent, visible and understood.

——————

The Definition of Done is a formal description of the state of the Increment when it meets the quality measures required for the product.

The moment a Product Backlog item meets the Definition of Done, an Increment is born.

Question #5

Agility often requires a change in organizational culture and how individuals, teams, and those around them behave.

Which of the following statements would enable positive change? (choose all that apply)

  • A . Enabling self-management within Scrum Teams
  • B . The Product Owner should focus on Value, Flow and Quality
  • C . The Scrum Master of the team acts as a subject matter expert and provides technical solutions to the team.
  • D . The Scrum Team forecasts to the Sprint Goal and commits the Sprint Backlog
  • E . Guiding the Scrum Team members to discover what works best for them.
  • F . Coaching people in Scrum and positive team behavior by gradually embodying the Scrum Values
  • G . The Product Owner should focus on quality by expanding the definition of "Done" every Sprint Retrospective.

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Correct Answer: A,B,E,F
A,B,E,F

Explanation:

Scrum Guide:

The fundamental unit of Scrum is a small team of people, a Scrum Team. The Scrum Team consists of one Scrum Master, one Product Owner, and Developers. Within a Scrum Team, there are no sub-teams or hierarchies. It is a cohesive unit of professionals focused on one objective at a time, the Product Goal.

Scrum Teams are cross-functional, meaning the members have all the skills necessary to create value each Sprint. They are also self-managing, meaning they internally decide who does what, when, and how.

The Scrum Master is accountable for establishing Scrum as defined in the Scrum Guide. They do this by helping everyone understand Scrum theory and practice, both within the Scrum Team and the organization. The Scrum Master is accountable for the Scrum Team’s effectiveness. They do this by enabling the Scrum Team to improve its practices, within the Scrum framework.

Scrum Masters are true leaders who serve the Scrum Team and the larger organization.

The Scrum Master serves the Scrum Team in several ways, including:

Coaching the team members in self-managementwww.dumpspandacross-functi.comnality;

The Product Owner is accountable for maximizing the value of the product resulting from the work of the Scrum Team.

How this is done may vary widely across organizations, Scrum Teams, and individuals.

Question #6

A Senior Software Engineer and you have a talk over coffee. She tells you she thinks Scrum is really cool, but that it doesn’t work for projects that require complex architecture decisions upfront. Being a Scrum ambassador, you respond by telling her that in Scrum:

  • A . Architecture can receive more attention during early sprints, as long as a working piece of software is delivered.
  • B . Architecture is of little concern, as long as working valuable software is delivered.
  • C . Architecture typically emerges as part of the work being done.
  • D . Architecture is kept to a bare minimum. Simplicity – the art of maximizing the amount of work not done – is essential.
  • E . Architecture is handled in any self-managing way the cross-functional Scrum Team sees fit.

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Correct Answer: A,C
A,C

Explanation:

Scrum is a lightweight framework that helps people, teams, and organizations generate value through adaptive solutions for complex problems.

Software is complex, and its architecture emerges during the Sprints. It will likely need more attention in early sprints. A few of the other answers are somewhat right but do not explain the way Scrum looks at emergent architecture.

Question #7

Can a Scrum Master or a Product Owner also serve as a Developer on a Scrum Team?

  • A . No
  • B . Never
  • C . Yes

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Correct Answer: C
C

Explanation:

This is not prohibited by the Scrum Guide. It can be hard to wear "two hats". It can be difficult to fully attend to all expectations of the Scrum Master or the Product Owner role, while also being a focused Developer of the Scrum team. It can be helpful to understand more of the development work. It can also be a pitfall.

Question #8

Can Scrum work in an organization where products are built with time, scope and budget being determined beforehand? (choose the 3 best answers)

  • A . Yes, though the Scrum Master should teach the organization about the drawbacks of this approach when building complex products.
  • B . Yes, Scrum is designed to help to build products and managing projects of any kind.
  • C . Yes, but it may be less effective.
  • D . Yes, Scrum acknowledges that time and money are finite, and aims to build the highest value product within those constraints.
  • E . Yes, by translating the available time and budget to a number of sprints until the product is finished.
  • F . Yes, apply Scrum as much as possible to obtain the benefits where possible.

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Correct Answer: A,C,D
A,C,D

Explanation:

Scrum Guide:

Scrum is a lightweight framework that helps people, teams and organizations generate value through adaptive solutions for complex problems.

The Scrum framework, as outlined herein, is immutable. While implementing only parts of Scrum is possible, the result is not Scrum. Scrum exists only in its entirety and functions well as a container for other techniques, methodologies, and practices.

Question #9

A team decides their current Sprint length of 30 days is too short. They are overhauling an entire platform and some work just takes more time. They increase their Sprint length to two months.

From Scrum’s perspective, what are the first most likely consequences of this decision? (choose the 4 best answers)

  • A . Transparency will likely decrease.
  • B . The Product Owner will likely be less available.
  • C . Technical debt will likely increase.
  • D . The Scrum Values will likely be less embodied by the team.
  • E . The Increment is likely to deviate further from stakeholder expectations.
  • F . The team is no longer doing Scrum.
  • G . The team’s improvement will slow down.

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Correct Answer: A, E,F,G
A, E,F,G

Explanation:

Empiricism will be affected first. Having Sprint Review and Sprint Retrospective every 60 days means the Product will likely deviate and the team will improve less. Transparency is lowered as a whole. Obligatory "the team is no longer doing Scrum." Sprints are fixed length events of one month or less to create consistency. The other issues listed may occur, but not necessarily.

Question #10

When the Scrum Values are embodied and lived by the Scrum Team, the Scrum pillars of transparency, inspection, and adaptation come to life. This increases something fundamental to all Scrum implementations.

What is it? (choose the best answer)

  • A . Value
  • B . Trust
  • C . Agility
  • D . Empiricism

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Correct Answer: A
A

Explanation:

Scrum Guide: These values give direction to the Scrum Team with regard to their work, actions, and behavior. The decisions that are made, the steps taken, and the way Scrum is used should reinforce these values, not diminish or undermine them. The Scrum Team members learn and explore the values as they work with the Scrum events and artifacts. When these values are embodied by the Scrum Team and the people they work with, the empirical Scrum pillars of transparency, inspection, and adaptation come to life building trust.

Question #11

Mid-sprint the developers of the Scrum team detects that they will likely not meet the Sprint Goal with the work planned. They have a conversation and determine a different way to meet the Sprint Goal, making changes in the work planned in the Sprint.

What Scrum Values are in evidence here?

  • A . Courage, Commitment
  • B . Build, Measure, Learn
  • C . Commitment, Focus
  • D . Inspection, Adaptation
  • E . Respect, Trust
  • F . Courage, Focus

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Correct Answer: A
A

Explanation:

Scrum Guide:

The Scrum Team commits to achieving its goals and to supporting each other

The Scrum Team members have the courage to do the right thing, to work on tough problems

Question #12

At the seventh Sprint Review, the stakeholders are disappointed and angry. They have determined that the product or system being built will not meet their needs and will cost more than they are willing to spend.

Which of the following statements could be true? (choose all the apply)

  • A . The Scrum Master has not ensured that the project is transparent
  • B . The stakeholders haven’t been using the Sprint Reviews to inspect and evaluate progress in the prior Sprint Reviews.
  • C . The Product Owner has not been keeping the stakeholders aware of the progress of the project.
  • D . The PMO has not been engaged adequately.
  • E . The stakeholders haven’t been attending prior Sprint Reviews.

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Correct Answer: B,C,D
B,C,D

Explanation:

Each artifact contains a commitment to ensure it provides information that enhances transparency and focus against which progress can be measured:

– For the Product Backlog it is the ProductwwwGoal.dumpspanda.(ProductOwner.comisaccountable for developing and explicitly communicating the Product Goal)

– For the Sprint Backlog it is the Sprint Goal.

– For the Increment, it is the Definition of Done.

These commitments exist to reinforce empiricism and the Scrum values for the Scrum Team and their stakeholders.

During the event, the Scrum Team and stakeholders review what was accomplished in the Sprint and what has changed in their environment. Based on this information, attendees collaborate on what to do next. The Product Backlog may also be adjusted to meet new opportunities.

There is no PMO in Scrum

Question #13

Which of the following statements are correct about the Sprint Goal? (choose all that apply)

  • A . The Sprint Goal provides the Developers with a target, focus, and overarching direction for the Sprint
  • B . The Developers commits to the Sprint Goal and forecasts the Sprint Backlog
  • C . The Sprint Goal is crafted by the Product Owner in collaboration with the stakeholder
  • D . The Sprint Goal is the outcome of the Product Backlog Refinement meeting and it helps the team with effective Sprint Planning
  • E . The Scrum Team forecasts the Sprint Goal and commits the Sprint Backlog.
  • F . The Sprint Goal is the glue that binds individuals into a team by giving them a shared purpose.

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Correct Answer: A,B,F
A,B,F

Explanation:

Scrum Guide:

Commitment: Sprint Goal

The Sprint Goal is the single objective for the Sprint. Although the Sprint Goal is a commitment by the Developers, it provides flexibility in terms of the exact work needed to achieve it. The Sprint Goal also creates coherence and focus, encouraging the Scrum Team to work together rather than on separate initiatives.

The Sprint Goal is created during the Sprint Planning event and then added to the Sprint Backlog. As the Developers work during the Sprint, they keep the Sprint Goal in mind. If the work turns out to be different than they expected, they collaborate with the Product Owner to negotiate the scope of the Sprint Backlog within the Sprint without affecting the Sprint Goal.

Question #14

The Product Owner of your team has noticed several developers from the Scrum team are working together on backlog items. He expresses concern that this "pair programming" will negatively impact the amount of work being done.

What do you do?

  • A . All of the above.
  • B . Make a note to possibly address this during the Sprint Retrospective.
  • C . Suggest the Product Owner find a suitable moment to show interest and ask the developers why they use this approach.
  • D . Teach the Product Owner that the Scrum team decides how best to do their work.
  • E . Teach the Product Owner that the amount of work being done should not be the primary measure of progress.

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Correct Answer: A
A

Explanation:

All answers are good options. Teach in a friendly and in compassionate tone. Address during the retrospective when it seems that tensions still surround this subject in case no other Scrum Team member does.

Question #15

In 2020 was released a new version of the Scrum Guide, and now it presents the term accountability. The Scrum Guide says " The entire Scrum Team is accountable for creating a valuable, useful Increment every Sprint. Scrum defines three specific accountabilities within the Scrum Team: the Developers, the Product Owner, and the Scrum Master.".

In case a Sprint Goal becomes obsolete, who has the authority to cancel the Sprint?

  • A . Developers
  • B . Product Owner
  • C . Scrum Master
  • D . Scrum Team

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Correct Answer: B
B

Explanation:

Scrum Guide:

A Sprint could be canceled if the Sprint Goal becomes obsolete. Only the Product Owner has the authority to cancel the Sprint.

Question #16

What are relevant boundaries that promote self-management according to the Scrum framework? (choose all that apply)

  • A . Time-boxing all effort to allow regularly checking the validity of any chosen path and thus limit the risk of going off-track. I know time boxing events definitely help teams fulfilling the Sprint goals they committed to during the sprint planning.
  • B . The clear definition of sub-responsibilities and hand-overs within the Scrum Team.
  • C . Having an even number of members in a Scrum Team in order to be able to do pair programming and be more productive.
  • D . Creating an integrated usable Increment by the end of each Sprint.

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Correct Answer: A,D
A,D

Explanation:

Scrum Guide:

Commitment: Sprint Goal

The Sprint Goal is the single objective for the Sprint. Although the Sprint Goal is a commitment by the Developers, it provides flexibility in terms of the exact work needed to achieve it. The Sprint Goal also creates coherence and focus, encouraging the Scrum Team to work together rather than on separate initiatives.

The Sprint Goal is created during the Sprint Planning event and then added to the Sprint Backlog. As the Developers work during the Sprint, they keep the Sprint Goal in mind. If the work turns out to be different than they expected, they collaborate with the Product Owner to negotiate the scope of the Sprint Backlog within the Sprint without affecting the Sprint Goal.

An Increment is a concrete stepping stone toward the Product Goal. Each Increment is additive to all prior Increments and thoroughly verified, ensuring that all Increments work together. In order to provide value, the Increment must be usable.

Question #17

What does the Scrum Team do with Product Backlog items that weren’t completed, or done, in the Sprint?

  • A . Put it on the Product Backlog for the Product Owner to decide what to do with it
  • B . Do not include the item in the Increment this Sprint
  • C . If the stakeholders agree, the Product Owner can accept it and release it to the users
  • D . Review the item, add the “Done” part of the estim te to the velocity and create a Story for the remaining work.

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Correct Answer: A,B
A,B

Explanation:

Scrum Guide:

Work cannot be considered part of an Increment unless it meets the Definition of Done.

The moment a Product Backlog item meets the Definition of Done, an Increment is born.

If a Product Backlog item does not meet the Definition of Done, it cannot be released or even presented at the Sprint Review. Instead, it returns to the Product Backlog for future consideration.

Question #18

It has been a year, a new product is under development and you joined the Scrum Team as their Scrum Master. The product is working software that has been delivered each sprint, but not released to the market. Recent pressure from within the organization and Stakeholders is forcing a release two months from now. The Product Owner feels this is premature as the work to be done before she has confidence in a release, is forecast to take at least six months. She appears quite distressed.

What advice or help, in line with Scrum, can you offer? (choose the 2 best answers)

  • A . Advise the Product Owner to create more teams to work on the product. The new teams can lean on expertise from the original team.
  • B . Advise the Product Owner that the whole of the organization must respect her decisions. Stick to the current product vision and six-month timeline.
  • C . Advise the Product Owner to sit with the team and rescope the work planned.
    What can be delivered in two months that will meet customer needs? What would we need if we had to release this sprint?
  • D . Advise the Product Owner to work with the Stakeholders.

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Correct Answer: C,D
C,D

Explanation:

Adding more teams will likely slow the effort down due to the learning curve.

Sticking to your own plan while ignoring external realities and not validating with real users, shows we are not inspecting and adapting.

And keeping in mind that Sprints are the heartbeat of Scrum, where ideas are turned into value, and value can only be validated by those that use the product.

Question #19

Which statements regarding Backlog Refinement are correct? (choose the 2 best answers)

  • A . During Product Backlog refinement, items are reviewed and revised.
  • B . The Product Owner is responsible for organizing Backlog Refinement.
  • C . Backlog Refinement takes place before Sprint Planning.
  • D . No more than 10% of Scrum Team capacity is used for Refinement.
  • E . Product Backlog refinement is the act of adding detail, estimates, size, and order to items in the Product Backlog.

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Correct Answer: A,D
A,D

Explanation:

Scrum Guide:

Product Backlog refinement is the act of breaking down and further defining Product Backlog items into smaller more precise items. This is an ongoing activity to add details, such as a description, order, and size. Attributes often vary with the domain of work.

Question #20

A Project Manager working with your Scrum Team has raised concerns about progress and money spent.

What are the best responses? (choose all that apply)

  • A . Scrum doesn’t have Project Managers so disregard their concerns
    Promote transparency by sharing the Product Backlog and ensuring the Project Manager has access
    Show the Earned Value Analysis (EVA) report
    Share the last stakeholder briefing document prepared by the Product Owner
    Have a discussion with the Project Manager; share the current impediments and forecast for the Sprint

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Correct Answer: B,E
B,E

Explanation:

Scrum Guide:

The Product Owner is also accountable for effective Product Backlog management, which includes:

– Developing and explicitly communicating the Product Goal;

– Creating and clearly communicating Product Backlog items;

– Ordering Product Backlog items; and,

– Ensuring that the Product Backlog is transparent, visible and understood.

Every organization has its own structure, perhaps, some has the Project Manager role, if this is the case and this role has interest or touchpoints with the Scrum project, the Product Ownes is accountable for providing the necessary information.

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