Energy for ATP synthesis is produced primarily by:

Energy for ATP synthesis is produced primarily by:
A . NADH
B . proton gradient
C . ATP synthase
D . Na+

View Answer

Answer: B

Explanation:

Proton pumps located along the inner mitochondrial membrane enable the passage of H+ across a concentration gradient. These protons pass through ATP synthase in which an axel rotates to combine phosphate with ADP to form ATP. Without the proton gradient, ATP synthase could not create ATP.