What function is used to copy a string in C?
- A . strcpy()
- B . strcat()
- C . memcpy()
- D . strncpy()
A
Explanation:
strcpy() is used to copy a string in C.
When working with specialized programming considerations in C, what is a common method used to optimize code for performance?
- A . Compiler optimization
- B . Loop unrolling
- C . Function inlining
- D . Parallel processing
C
Explanation:
Function inlining is a common method used to optimize code for performance by replacing a function call with the body of the function itself at the call site.
What system call is used to open a file in C programming?
- A . open()
- B . write()
- C . close()
- D . read()
A
Explanation:
The open() system call is used to open a file in C programming.
What is the purpose of the va_end macro in <stdarg.h>?
- A . To calculate the size of the argument list.
- B . To end the processing of the variable argument list.
- C . To initialize the argument list pointer to the first variable parameter.
- D . To retrieve the next argument from the argument list.
B
Explanation:
The va_end macro is used to end the processing of the variable argument list.
When dealing with specialized programming considerations in C, what is the role of compiler flags?
- A . Compiler flags control optimization levels
- B . Compiler flags are only used for debugging purposes
- C . Compiler flags have no impact on program execution
- D . Compiler flags determine the programming language version
A
Explanation:
Compiler flags play a crucial role in specialized programming considerations by controlling optimization levels and influencing how the code is compiled and executed.
In network socket programming, which function is used to establish a connection with a remote server?
- A . bind()
- B . connect()
- C . listen()
- D . accept()
B
Explanation:
The connect() function is used to establish a connection with a remote server in network socket programming.
What is the function of the bind() function in network socket programming?
- A . To send data from a server to a client
- B . To close a socket connection
- C . To associate a socket with a specific network address
- D . To connect a client to a server
C
Explanation:
The bind() function is used to associate a socket with a specific network address in network socket programming.
Which C11 keyword is used to define boolean data types in the C programming language?
- A . _Alignas
- B . _Noreturn
- C . _Bool
- D . __func__
C
Explanation:
The _Bool keyword in C11 is used to define boolean data types in the C programming language.
Which system call is used to write data to a file in C programming?
- A . symlink()
- B . readlink()
- C . link()
- D . write()
D
Explanation:
The write() system call is used to write data to a file in C programming.
Which function is used to compare two strings in C?
- A . strncmp()
- B . strcmp()
- C . stricmp()
- D . strcasecmp()
B
Explanation:
strcmp() is used to compare two strings in C.
What does the function accept () do in network socket programming?
- A . Listens for incoming connections
- B . Establishes a connection with a server
- C . Sends data to a client
- D . Accepts a connection request and creates a new socket for communication
D
Explanation:
The accept () function accepts a connection request and creates a new socket for communication in network socket programming.
Which system call is used to close a file descriptor in C programming?
- A . lseek()
- B . stat()
- C . dprintf()
- D . close()
D
Explanation:
The close () system call is used to close a file descriptor in C programming.
Which macro should be used to pass the variable argument list from one function to another in a C program?
- A . va_copy
- B . va_start
- C . va_arg
- D . va_end
A
Explanation:
The va_copy macro is used to pass the variable argument list from one function to another in a C program.
What does the strlen() function return in C?
- A . The number of characters in the string
- B . The index of the first occurrence of a character
- C . The size of the array
- D . The length of the string including null terminator
D
Explanation:
The strlen() function returns the length of the string including the null terminator.
What will be the output of the following code snippet in C: int num = 5; printf("%d", num++);
- A . 4
- B . 6
- C . 5
- D . Undefined
C
Explanation:
The postfix increment operator (num++) increments the value of num after the current value is used in the printf statement.
What is the key milestone in the historical evolution of C that standardized the language and introduced new features such as function prototypes and standard libraries?
- A . C95
- B . C89
- C . C99
- D . C11
- E . ANSI C
E
Explanation:
ANSI C (American National Standards Institute C) was a key milestone in the historical evolution of C, standardizing the language and introducing new features.
What is the purpose of the va_copy macro in <stdarg.h>?
- A . To initialize the argument list pointer to the first variable parameter.
- B . To retrieve the next argument from the argument list.
- C . To copy a variable argument list.
- D . To end the processing of the variable argument list.
C
Explanation:
The va_copy macro is used to copy a variable argument list in <stdarg.h>.
Which function is used to dynamically allocate memory in C?
- A . calloc()
- B . free()
- C . realloc()
- D . malloc()
D
Explanation:
malloc() is used to dynamically allocate memory in C.
Which system call is used to listen for incoming connections on a socket?
- A . accept()
- B . receive()
- C . connect()
- D . listen()
D
Explanation:
The listen() system call is used to listen for incoming connections on a socket in network socket programming.
What is the data type used in C to represent characters?
- A . char
- B . byte
- C . string
- D . int
A
Explanation:
Characters are represented using the char data type in C.
What does the term "context switch" refer to in the context of process and thread management?
- A . The process of recompiling code during runtime
- B . The process of switching between different threads in a multi-threaded program
- C . The process of switching between different processes in a multiprocessing system
- D . The process of moving data between memory and disk
C
Explanation:
A context switch refers to the process of switching between different processes in a multiprocessing system.
Which of the following obsolete yet valid language elements are used for trigraphs in C programming?
- A . ???
- B . ??!
- C . ?=+
- D . ??/
A
Explanation:
Trigraphs in C programming are represented by three consecutive question marks, such as the "???" trigraph.
Which function is used to concatenate two strings in C?
- A . strncat()
- B . strcpy()
- C . strcat()
- D . sprintf()
C
Explanation:
strcat() is used to concatenate two strings in C.
What is the difference between a process and a thread in terms of resource allocation?
- A . Processes and threads have no difference in terms of resource allocation.
- B . Processes have their own memory space and resources, while threads share the same memory space and resources.
- C . Processes and threads cannot be distinguished in terms of resource allocation.
- D . Processes share the same memory space and resources, while threads have their own memory
space and resources.
B
Explanation:
Processes have their own memory space and resources, while threads share the same memory space and resources.
What system call is used to change the offset of the open file in C programming?
- A . dprintf()
- B . unlink()
- C . lseek()
- D . access()
C
Explanation:
The lseek() system call is used to change the offset of the open file in C programming.
In the context of specialized programming considerations, what is the significance of cache locality?
- A . Cache locality is not relevant in specialized programming
- B . Cache locality can improve memory access performance
- C . Cache locality refers to hardware-specific optimizations
- D . Cache locality only affects C++ programming
B
Explanation:
Cache locality is significant in specialized programming considerations as it can improve memory access performance by enhancing data access patterns and reducing cache misses.
What function is used to search for a substring within a string in C?
- A . strpos()
- B . strstr()
- C . strfind()
- D . strchr()
B
Explanation:
The strstr() function is used to search for a substring within a string in C.
How does the use of optimized algorithms contribute to specialized programming considerations?
- A . Decreases code readability
- B . Increases code maintainability
- C . Improves code performance
- D . Reduces the need for testing
C
Explanation:
The use of optimized algorithms in specialized programming considerations can improve code performance by reducing execution time and resource usage.
What is the purpose of the memset() function in C?
- A . To find the length of a string
- B . To convert a string to uppercase
- C . To fill a block of memory with a particular value
- D . To compare two strings
C
Explanation:
The memset() function is used to fill a block of memory with a particular value.
What system call is used to read data from a file in C programming?
- A . lseek()
- B . read()
- C . dprintf()
- D . stat()
B
Explanation:
The read() system call is used to read data from a file in C programming.
Which data type in C is used to represent floating point numbers with single precision?
- A . short float
- B . double
- C . long double
- D . float
D
Explanation:
The float data type in C is used for single precision floating point numbers.
What is the purpose of the va_start macro in <stdarg.h>?
- A . To retrieve the next argument from the argument list.
- B . To calculate the size of the argument list.
- C . To end the processing of the variable argument list.
- D . To initialize the argument list pointer to the first variable parameter.
D
Explanation:
The va_start macro is used to initialize the argument list pointer to the first variable parameter.
Which header file should be included in a C program to use the pow() function for calculating powers?
- A . <math.h>
- B . <stdio.h>
- C . <time.h>
- D . <stdlib.h>
A
Explanation:
The pow() function for calculating powers is included in the math.h header file in C.
What is the result of the following expression in C: int num1 = 10; int num2 = 3; int result = num1 / num2;
- A . 3.33
- B . 4
- C . 2.33
- D . 3
D
Explanation:
Integer division in C truncates the decimal part, so the result of num1 / num2 would be 3.
What is a socket in network programming?
- A . A type of firewall used to block network traffic
- B . A type of cable used to connect computers in a network
- C . A hardware device used to transfer data between a server and a client
- D . A software endpoint that establishes a communication link between processes running on different
devices
D
Explanation:
A socket is a software endpoint that establishes a communication link between processes running on different devices.
When dealing with specialized programming considerations in C, what is a common technique used to handle large datasets efficiently?
- A . Data compression techniques
- B . Binary trees
- C . Linked lists
- D . Dynamic memory allocation
D
Explanation:
Dynamic memory allocation is a common technique used to handle large datasets efficiently by dynamically allocating memory as needed during program execution.
What is thread safety in the context of process and thread management?
- A . Ensuring that a shared data structure can be accessed by multiple threads simultaneously without causing conflicts
- B . Ensuring that threads are terminated safely
- C . Ensuring that only one process can run at a time
- D . Ensuring the priority of threads is maintained
A
Explanation:
Thread safety involves ensuring that a shared data structure can be accessed by multiple threads simultaneously without causing conflicts.
In programming languages, what do function declarations refer to?
- A . The function’s execution runtime
- B . The data types of function arguments and return value
- C . The number of statements inside a function
- D . The function’s memory address
B
Explanation:
Function declarations in programming languages specify the data types of function arguments and return values.
Which API is commonly used for thread management in Windows systems?
- A . Windows API
- B . WinAPI
- C . C11 threading model
- D . POSIX threads
B
Explanation:
WinAPI is commonly used for thread management in Windows systems.
What is the range of values that can be represented by a signed int data type in C?
- A . -32768 to 32767
- B . -256 to 255
- C . -128 to 127
- D . -2147483648 to 2147483647
D
Explanation:
The range of values for a signed int data type in C is typically -2147483648 to 2147483647.
Which header file should be included in a C program to use variable parameter functions like va_start and va_arg?
- A . <stdarg.h>
- B . <math.h>
- C . <stdio.h>
- D . <stdlib.h>
A
Explanation:
The <stdarg.h> header file should be included to use variable parameter functions.
Which function-like macro is used in <stdarg.h> to retrieve the next argument from the variable argument list?
- A . va_list
- B . va_arg
- C . va_end
- D . va_start
B
Explanation:
The va_arg macro is used to retrieve the next argument from the variable argument list.
What is an advantage of using SIMD (Single Instruction, Multiple Data) instructions in specialized programming considerations?
- A . Improved parallel processing
- B . Increased code complexity
- C . Reduced memory usage
- D . Slower execution speeds
A
Explanation:
Using SIMD instructions can result in improved parallel processing by allowing multiple data elements to be processed simultaneously with a single instruction.
The errno variable in C programming is used for which purpose?
- A . Handling exceptions
- B . Managing file permissions
- C . Controlling file access
- D . Storing the result of the last system call that raised an error
D
Explanation:
The errno variable in C programming is used to store the result of the last system call that raised an error.
What is the purpose of the C11 threading model in programming?
- A . Providing backward compatibility with older threading models
- B . Introducing new complex threading structures
- C . Focusing on single-threaded programming only
- D . Simplifying the creation and management of threads in C programming
D
Explanation:
The C11 threading model aims to simplify the creation and management of threads in C programming.
Which data type in C has the largest size?
- A . long
- B . float
- C . double
- D . int
C
Explanation:
The double data type in C typically has a larger size than int, long, or float.
What is the purpose of using memory alignment techniques in specialized programming considerations?
- A . Memory alignment is a security measure against buffer overflows
- B . Memory alignment is exclusively used in high-level languages
- C . Memory alignment is used to optimize data access and improve performance
- D . Memory alignment techniques have no impact on program performance
C
Explanation:
Using memory alignment techniques in specialized programming considerations helps optimize data access, enhance performance, and ensure that memory accesses conform to hardware requirements.
Which protocol is commonly used for network socket programming?
- A . TCP
- B . DNS
- C . SSH
- D . HTML
A
Explanation:
TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) is commonly used for network socket programming.
In the context of managing Unix and Windows processes, what is a PID?
- A . Priority In Dispatch
- B . Program Identifier
- C . Process Identification Number
- D . Process Indicator
C
Explanation:
PID stands for Process Identification Number in managing Unix and Windows processes.
What is the purpose of the function socket() in network socket programming?
- A . To establish a connection with a remote server
- B . To create a new socket
- C . To send data over the network
- D . To bind a socket to a specific network address
B
Explanation:
The function socket() is used to create a new socket in network socket programming.
Which C11 keyword is used to indicate a function that never returns?
- A . _Noreturn
- B . _Pragma
- C . _Alignof
- D . _Bool
A
Explanation:
The _Noreturn keyword in C11 is used to indicate a function that never returns control to its caller.
Which system call is used to check the accessibility of a file in C programming?
- A . access()
- B . errno
- C . close()
- D . open()
A
Explanation:
The access() system call is used to check the accessibility of a file in C programming.
What is the purpose of the new C11 keyword _Generic?
- A . To specify the alignment of data structures
- B . To declare variables with a generic data type
- C . To provide generic error handling in functions
- D . To define generic functions that can operate on different data types
D
Explanation:
The new C11 keyword _Generic allows the definition of generic functions that can operate on different data types.
In <stdarg.h>, what data type is used to declare a variable which represents the argument list?
- A . va_float
- B . va_list
- C . va_int
- D . va_char
B
Explanation:
The va_list data type is used to declare a variable representing the argument list.
Which type of concurrency model is used by POSIX threads (pthread) in C programming?
- A . Preemptive
- B . Co-operative
- C . Single-threaded
- D . Multi-threaded
D
Explanation:
POSIX threads (pthread) in C programming use a multi-threaded concurrency model.
What is the purpose of the "connect" function in socket programming?
- A . To accept incoming connections
- B . To close a connection
- C . To send data to a server
- D . To establish a connection with a remote host
D
Explanation:
The "connect" function in socket programming is used to establish a connection with a remote host.
What function is used to concatenate two strings in C?
- A . strcat()
- B . strncpy()
- C . memcpy()
- D . strcpy()
A
Explanation:
strcat() is used to concatenate two strings in C.
Which of the following C standards introduced the _Bool keyword for boolean data types?
- A . C11
- B . C89
- C . C99
- D . C95
A
Explanation:
C11 introduced the _Bool keyword for boolean data types.
Which function is used to accept a connection from a client in socket programming?
- A . recv()
- B . send()
- C . connect()
- D . accept()
D
Explanation:
The "accept" function is used to accept a connection from a client in socket programming.
What system call is used to obtain error number information?
- A . close()
- B . errno
- C . access()
- D . read()
B
Explanation:
errno is a variable that stores the error number from system calls indicating the type of error that occurred.