Which of the following is the test that can measure most aspects of weldability?
- A . Impact testing
- B . There is no single test
- C . Weld tension tests
- D . Bend testing
Base metals are assigned P-numbers by the ASME Code, Section IX to reduce the number of:
- A . Required welding procedure specifications.
- B . Required welding procedure qualifications.
- C . Required procedure and performance qualifications.
- D . Required mechanical tests.
The WPS gives the welder specific guidelines to:
- A . Set the machine amperage, voltage, and travel speed.
- B . Confirm the project heat input is followed during welding.
- C . Successfully complete production welds.
- D . Make imperfection/defect-free welds.
When performing a carbon steel to carbon steel hot tap where the CE of one of the metals is greater than 0.42%, which of the following electrodes should be used?
- A . E7048-H4
- B . E7048
- C . E7018-A1
- D . E7018
Which of the following is a commonly accepted advantage of flux core arc welding (FCAW)?
- A . Equipment is simple, inexpensive, and portable.
- B . The slag supports and shapes the weld bead.
- C . There is a reduced requirement for ventilation.
- D . There is minimal postweld cleanup.
Hardenability of a steel can be an indirect indicator of:
- A . Weldability
- B . Toughness
- C . Strength
- D . Cooling rate
The most common measure of weldability and susceptibility to hot cracking of austenitic stainless steels is the ferrite content of the weld metal.
Which of the following ranges is the recommended minimum ferrite content of the weld metal needed to prevent cracking?
- A . 1%-10%
- B . 5%-20%
- C . 8%-18%
- D . 15%-20%
For what maximum outside diameter may a radiographic technique be used in which the radiation passes through two walls and the weld in both walls is viewed for acceptance?
- A . 1.5 in. (38.0 mm)
- B . 2.5 in. (63.5 mm)
- C . 3 in. (76.2 mm)
- D . 3.5 in. (90.0 mm)
In hardness testing of carbon steel weldment specimens, there is an approximate relationship between hardness and:
- A . Toughness
- B . Tensile strength
- C . Ductility
- D . Yield strength
When welding nickel alloys, it is important that:
- A . The bevel angle be wide enough to allow oscillation of welding torch.
- B . The cooling rate be controlled in order to prevent rapid cooling.
- C . Preheating is always performed to prevent hot cracking.
- D . A wide face and thinner bevel be used.
Which of the following can result from residual magnetism left in a partially completed weld?
- A . Excessive distortion
- B . Tendency of weld pool to be sluggish
- C . Deflection of the weld arc
- D . Solidification cracking
What is the major cause of lack of fusion in all welding processes involving carbon steel?
- A . Inadequate preheat
- B . Improper welding speed
- C . Improper heat input and improper welding technique
- D . Not using a low hydrogen electrode or improper shielding
What is(are) the most appropriate action(s) to prepare an in-service carbon steel piping system that has been in caustic service for welding?
- A . Neutralize and clean the surface within 6 in. (150 mm) of weld bevels
- B . Steam out the piping system and dry
- C . Verify with pH paper that any surface liquid is “basic"
- D . Grind the surfaces near the bevel to remove contaminants
Which welding process produces a fast-freezing weld pool and is generally suited for joining thin sections or root passes?
- A . GMAW-S
- B . GTAW
- C . GMAW
- D . FCAW
What is the "area of interest" on a weld radiograph?
- A . The entire radiograph minus 2 in. (50.8 mm) from the edges
- B . Only the area of contrasting density
- C . The specific portion of a radiograph that needs to be evaluated
- D . The portion that is less than 3t from the center of the radiograph, where t is the thickness of the weld
Which of the following has the lowest range of welding currents and electrode diameters associated with the GMAW process?
- A . Short circuiting transfer
- B . Pulsed droplet transfer
- C . Globular transfer
- D . Spray transfer
To reduce exposure to moisture of low-hydrogen electrodes after they have been removed from the manufacturer’s packaging, they should be stored:
- A . Under low humidity conditions.
- B . In warm holding ovens.
- C . In sealed plastic containers.
- D . In tightly sealed ovens.
The direction of magnetic flux can be confirmed by the use of a:
- A . Pie gauge.
- B . Magnetic-field-sensitive crayon.
- C . Flux line sensitizer.
- D . Calibration gauge.
Which of the following is a commonly accepted limitation of flux core arc welding (FCAW)?
- A . It is more sensitive to drafts and wind than GMAW.
- B . It has lower deposition rates than SMAW.
- C . Shielding must always be provided by an externally supplied gas.
- D . Large volumes of welding fumes are generated.
What is the minimum liquid level that should be maintained above the area that is to be hot tapped on a storage tank or vessel?
- A . 1 ft. (300 mm)
- B . 2 ft. (600 mm)
- C . 3 ft. (900 mm)
- D . 4 ft. (1200 mm)
What is the liquid flow rate range that should be maintained in piping to be hot tapped?
- A . 0.05 – 2.7 ft./sec (0.015 – 0.82 m/sec)
- B . 1.3 – 4.0 ft./sec (0.40 – 1.20 m/sec)
- C . 2.3 – 3.3 ft./sec (0.70 – 1.00 m/sec)
- D . 4.1 – 5.5 ft./sec (1.25 – 1.68 m/sec)
A root opening of a groove weld is:
- A . The surface of a joint member included in the groove.
- B . A separation at the joint root between the work pieces.
- C . The beveled surface of the joint members.
- D . That portion of the groove face adjacent to the joint root.
The carbon equivalent formula indicates:
- A . Whether postweld heat treatment (PWHT) will be needed.
- B . Whether preheat will be needed.
- C . The theoretical carbon content of a steel.
- D . The weldability of a steel, based on carbon content.
P-numbers are based on which of the following?
- A . Comparable base metal characteristics
- B . Weldability characteristics of base metal
- C . Electrode characteristics
- D . Chemical composition of the base metal
If a nonessential variable is changed on a WPS, which of the following actions must occur?
- A . The welding inspector can simply make the change on the WPS and initial as proof of acceptance.
- B . It may be changed on the WPS without requalifying the welding procedure.
- C . The welding procedure will need to be requalified by performing mechanical testing.
- D . Impact testing must be performed at the discretion of the welding engineer.
Which of the following is a practical solution to eliminate or reduce porosity when welding carbon steel?
- A . Reduce travel speed
- B . Proper shielding
- C . Lower heat input
- D . Arc length control
A welding engineer or inspector should be notified when a weld has failed a weld quality test more than how many times in order to help determine the cause of the test failure?
- A . ONCE
- B . TWICE
- C . THREE TIMES
- D . FOUR TIMES
According to the PQR 8025, does the thickness range qualified concur with the thickness range as stated on the WPS 802?
- A . Yes, but only for thicknesses greater than .280"
- B . No, the material thickness on the PQR should be .375"
- C . Yes, the PQR qualifies the ranges as stated on the WPS
- D . No, the PQR thickness should have been .560"
A crack with its major axis oriented approximately perpendicular to the weld axis is called a:
- A . Lamellar crack.
- B . Non-directional crack.
- C . Transverse crack.
- D . Perpendicular crack.
What is the purpose of a PQR?
- A . To provide direction to the welder making production welds.
- B . To establish the properties of the weldment.
- C . To document that a welder has correctly followed a WPS.
- D . To establish a welder’s capability to make a quality weld.
Rules for qualifying welding operators using radiography on a production weld require what minimum weld length to be examined?
- A . 6 in. (150 mm)
- B . 12 in. (300 mm)
- C . 24 in. (600 mm)
- D . 36 in. (900 mm)
The simplest weldability tests are those that evaluate:
- A . Porosity and slag inclusions of the weld.
- B . Cracking and corrosion resistance of the weld.
- C . Strength and ductility of the weld.
- D . Ductility and hardness of the weld.
If a test specimen from a welded coupon should fail during PQR mechanical tests:
- A . Three out of four of the required test specimens must pass.
- B . The test coupon fails and a new coupon is required.
- C . Two additional test specimens from the coupon must be tested and pass.
- D . The WPS fails.
For SMAW welding, the last number of the electrode identification identifies:
- A . Chemical composition.
- B . Electrode operating characteristics.
- C . Welding position.
- D . Coating operating characteristics.
A-number groupings are based upon the:
- A . Chemical composition of the deposited weld metal.
- B . Comparable base metal ultimate strength values.
- C . Weldability characteristics of the metal.
- D . Type and strength of base metal.
Which of the following is a hazard associated with in-service welding on a carbon steel pipe containing chlorine?
- A . Explosion or unstable reaction with the addition of localized heat.
- B . Exothermic decomposition or explosion.
- C . Carbon steel will burn in the presence of chlorine and high heat.
- D . Hydrogen released during welding process can initiate hydrogen-assisted cracking.
What increases when a welder increases the amperage?
- A . Voltage
- B . Arc length
- C . Heat
- D . Travel speed
What term is used to describe the mechanical working of metals using impact blows?
- A . Hammering
- B . Mechanical stress relieving
- C . Needle gunning
- D . Peening
A limitation of a stud arc welding (SW) process is:
- A . Welding rates are significantly lower than those obtained with SMAW.
- B . Process is primarily suitable for only carbon steel and low alloy steels.
- C . Process is limited to a flat position.
- D . Weld is not visible during the welding process.
Which of the following statements is true?
- A . PQRs qualified on P8 materials also qualify for P1 materials.
- B . Welding procedures must be supported by more than one PQR.
- C . All PQRs must be qualified with impact testing.
- D . One PQR may support several WPSs.