A nurse is providing education to a new parent about the psychosocial development of the newborn.

A nurse is providing education to a new parent about the psychosocial development of the newborn.

Applying Erikson’s psychosocial development theory, the nurse would BEST instruct the parents to:
A . Ignore and distract the newborn when crying
B . Anticipate and plan for the newborn demands
C . Observe and respond to the newborn signals of needs
D . Provide and maintain comfortable environment for newborn

View Answer

Answer: C

Explanation:

Applying Erikson’s psychosocial development theory, the nurse should instruct the parents to observe and respond to the newborn’s signals of needs. According to Erikson, the first stage of psychosocial development is "Trust vs. Mistrust," which occurs from birth to approximately 18 months.

Trust vs. Mistrust: In this stage, infants learn to trust their caregivers when their needs for food, comfort, and affection are consistently met. If caregivers are responsive to the infant’s needs, the infant develops a sense of trust and security.

Ignoring and Distracting the Newborn: This approach may lead to feelings of mistrust as the infant’s needs are not being adequately addressed.

Anticipating and Planning for the Newborn’s Demands: While planning is important, it is more crucial to be responsive to the infant’s immediate signals.

Providing a Comfortable Environment: This is beneficial but must be combined with responsive caregiving to establish trust.

Reference: Erikson, E. H. (1963). Childhood and Society.

American Psychological Association (APA): Erikson’s Stages of Psychosocial Development