A 90-year-old female patient was admitted to emergency room c/o nausea and vomiting x2 days. Vital signs: BP 130/72, P 86, R 22, T 99.8F, O2 sat 94% on room air. Patient has a history of cerebral vascular accident (CVA) and difficulty swallowing. CXR revealed right lower lobe infiltrate. Labs: WBC 12.0 with 71% segs. Physician documents patient with a history of CVA and difficulty swallowing. CXR revealed right lower lobe infiltrate, diagnosis: pneumonia. Aspiration precautions and IV Clindamycin ordered. Patient was discharged 3 days later with a diagnosis of pneumonia. Clarification is needed to determine which of the following is clinically indicated.

A 90-year-old female patient was admitted to emergency room c/o nausea and vomiting x2 days. Vital signs: BP 130/72, P 86, R 22, T 99.8F, O2 sat 94% on room air. Patient has a history of cerebral vascular accident (CVA) and difficulty swallowing. CXR revealed right lower lobe infiltrate. Labs: WBC 12.0 with 71% segs. Physician documents patient with a history of CVA and difficulty swallowing. CXR revealed right lower lobe infiltrate, diagnosis: pneumonia. Aspiration precautions and IV Clindamycin ordered. Patient was discharged 3 days later with a diagnosis of pneumonia. Clarification is needed to determine which of the following is clinically indicated.
A . Simple pneumonia
B . Aspiration pneumonia
C . Pneumonia, a sequela of CVA
D . Complex pneumonia

View Answer

Answer: B

Explanation:

Aspiration pneumonia is a type of pneumonia that occurs when food, saliva, liquids, or vomit is breathed into the lungs or airways leading to the lungs, causing an infection or inflammation. Aspiration pneumonia is more likely to occur in people who have difficulty swallowing, such as those with a history of CVA2. In this case, the patient has a history of CVA and difficulty swallowing, and presents with nausea and vomiting, which are risk factors for aspiration. The CXR reveals a right lower lobe infiltrate, which is a common finding in aspiration pneumonia3. The physician documents pneumonia as the diagnosis, but does not specify the type or cause. Therefore, clarification is needed to determine if aspiration pneumonia is clinically indicated, as it would affect the coding and reimbursement of the case. Aspiration pneumonia is coded as ICD-10-CM code J69.x Pneumonitis due to solids and liquids, with a fourth digit required to specify the inhaled substance4.

References:

CDI Week 2020 Q&A: CDI and key performance indicators1

Mayo Clinic: Aspiration pneumonia2

Medscape: Aspiration Pneumonia3

ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code J69.x: Pneumonitis due to solids and liquids4