If EV be the expected value of a firm’s assets in a year, and DP be the ‘default point’ per the KMV approach to credit risk, and be the standard deviation of future asset returns, then the distance-to-default is given by:

If EV be the expected value of a firm’s assets in a year, and DP be the ‘default point’ per the KMV approach to credit risk, and be the standard deviation of future asset returns, then the distance-to-default is given by:

A)

B)

C)

D)

A . Option A
B . Option B
C . Option C
D . Option D

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Answer: D

Explanation:

The distance to default is the number of standard deviations that expected asset values are away from the default point. The expression in Choice ‘d’ represents distance to default. Choice ‘d’ is the correct answer. The other choices are incorrect.